摘 要

不饱和聚酯树脂（UPR）是目前我国热固性树脂中使用量最大的种类，同时也是国内工艺品、人造石等使用量最大的基体树脂。另外UPR生产较为方便、原材料亦容易获取，同时产品具有粘度低、常温常压下可固化、成型工艺多等特点。玻璃钢使用玻璃纤维增强后，具有轻质、高强等功能，所以被大量用于防腐、装饰、绝缘、建筑、结构等领域，其出众的力学、耐化学、电性能等使之得到广泛的应用。美中不足的是普通的UPR存在偏脆，韧性不足等缺陷，所以增强UPR的冲击韧性等性能一直以来都是是聚合物材料学领域中的一个非常重要的课题。

中空的玻璃微球是种中等粒子直径，较低密度，薄壁的玻璃球体，其外表呈纯白色粉末状，它的主要组成为碱石灰硼硅酸玻璃，该物质化学性质较为稳定，并且不溶于水，有着非常优秀的的耐热性能，同时软化的温度高达600℃ 。一般根据型号不同，玻璃微球的最小和最大粒径分别为16--135μｍ，不同通常以50%平均粒径来表示）；常理来说，密度大概在0.125（K1）~0.60(Im30K)g/cm３之间 。20世纪60年代中空玻璃微球就被开发出来，一开始是由含有一定发泡剂的单一玻璃组分的产品发泡而成的，之后经过数十年的革新和发展，如今中空玻璃微球在力学性能方面取得了里程碑式的突破，限制的中空玻璃微球具有较高密度以及强度比，从而使其能满足聚合物加工的注塑，挤出，和模压的要求，至此在橡胶和树脂等加工行业得到广泛的应用。

这次的实验使用不饱和聚酯树脂作为基体，填料选择用玻璃微球，由此制备出了经由玻璃微球增强后的不饱和聚酯树脂，然后研究玻璃微球对不饱和聚酯强度、密度以及热失重等性质的影响。

关键词：玻璃微球、增强、不饱和聚酯

Glass Microspheres Enhance The Preparation And Characterization Of The UPR

ABSTRACT

Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) is the largest use of thermosetting resins in our country, at the same time, it is also the largest matrix resin used in the domestic arts and crafts, artificial stone and so on. In addition, UPR production is more convenient, raw materials are easy to obtain, while the product has a low viscosity, under normal temperature and pressure can be solidified, forming process and other characteristics. Glass steel using glass fiber reinforced with high strength, light weight, and other functions, so it is widely used in the field of corrosion resistance, decoration and insulation, buildings, structures and other, its outstanding mechanical resistance, chemical and electrical properties make get extensive application. Fly in the ointment is ordinary UPR are too brittle and ductile deficiencies. Therefore, to enhance the UPR impact toughness has been is is a very important topic in the field of polymer materials science.

Hollow glass microsphere is medium particle diameter, low density, thin-wall glass sphere, its appearance is pure white powder, it is mainly composed of soda lime borosilicate glass, the chemical properties of a substance is stable and insoluble in water, has a very good heat resistance, while softening temperature up to 600 degrees centigrade. General is different according to the model, glass microspheres of minimum and maximum grain diameters were 16--135 m, different usually 50% average particle size); common sense, the density is probably between 0.125 (K1) ~0.60 Im30K g / cm3. In the sixties of the 20th century of hollow glass microspheres was developed, the start is by a single glass containing a foaming agent component of the foamed product. After decades of reform and development, now of hollow glass microspheres in mechanical properties made milestones in the process of breaking, limit of hollow glass microspheres with high density and strength ratio, so that it can meet the processing of polymer injection molding, extrusion, molding and, thus in the rubber and resin processing industry get widely used.

The experiments using unsaturated polyester resin as matrix, the filler material is selected with glass microspheres thus prepared the through glass microspheres reinforced unsaturated polyester resin, then the impact on unsaturated polyester strength, density and thermal gravimetric properties of glass microspheres.

Keywords: glass microspheres, reinforced, unsaturated polyester

目 录

1 引言

1.1 不饱和聚酯概况...................................................................................................................4

1.2 空心玻璃微球的性质..........................................................................................................5

1.3 空心玻璃微球在配方中的作用…………………………………………………………..6

1.4 加工………………………………………………………………………………………..6

1.5 空心玻璃微球的应用……………………………………………………………………..6

1.6 空心玻璃微球的前景……………………………………………………………………..7

1.7 不饱和聚酯分子结构……………………………………………………………………..8

2 实验

2.1 主要原料…………………………………………………………………………………..9

2.1 主要设备…………………………………………………………………………………..9

2.3 模具成型…………………………………………………………………………………..9

2.4 实验方法

2.4.1 拉伸实验……………………………………………………………………………10

2.4.2 热失重实验…………………………………………………………………………11

2.4.3 密度的测试…………………………………………………………………………11

3 实验的结果和讨论

3.1改性空心玻璃微球对不饱和聚酯树脂拉伸强度性能的影响…………………………12

3.2改性空心玻璃微球对不饱和聚酯树脂热失重的影响…………………………………13

3.3空心玻璃微球及改性空心玻璃微球对不饱和聚酯树脂密度的影响…………………14

结论………………………………………………………………………………………………..17

致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………..18

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………..19

1 引言

1.1 不饱和聚酯概况