摘 要

为研究凹凸棒土和改性凹凸棒石的添加对不饱和聚酯性能的影响，采用硅烷偶联剂对凹凸棒石进行有机改性，制备出凹凸棒土/不饱和聚酯复合材料，再对两组材料分别进行拉伸实验，吸水率实验和密度实验测试 。结果表明：复合材料的拉伸强度在一定限度内随凹凸棒土的增加而增大，吸水率随凹凸棒土添加量增加而增大 ，密度无明显关联。

关键词：凹凸棒土；硅烷偶联剂改性；不饱和聚酯；拉伸强度；吸水率；密度

Attapulgite/unsaturated polyester composite materials preparation and characterization

ABSTRACT

For the study of attapulgite and modified attapulgite addition on the properties of unsaturated polyester, with silane coupling agent to organic modified attapulgite, the preparation of the attapulgite/unsaturated polyester composite materials, tensile experiment with two groups of materials respectively, bibulous rate experiment and density test. Results show that the tensile strength of the composite materials within limits increases with the increase of attapulgite, bibulous rate increases with the increase of amount of attapulgite addition, density has no obvious correlation.

Keywords: Attapulgite; Silane coupling agent modification; Unsaturated polyester (up); The tensile strength; Water absorption; Density

目录

1前言........................................................................................................................................................5

1. 1凹凸棒土的基本介绍.........................................................................................................................5

1.2不饱和聚酯的基本介绍.....................................................................................................................5

1.3凹凸棒土的发展历史.........................................................................................................................5

1.4不饱和聚酯的发展历史.....................................................................................................................6

1.5凹凸棒土的相关应用.........................................................................................................................7

1.6不饱和聚酯的相关应用...................................................................................................................10

1.7不饱和聚酯的发展前景...................................................................................................................10

2实验部分..............................................................................................................................................11

2.1主要原料.........................................................................................................................................11

2.2主要设备.........................................................................................................................................11

2.3样品制备.........................................................................................................................................11

2.4实验测试方法.................................................................................................................................12

2.4.1拉伸测试......................................................................................................................................13

2.4.2吸水率测试..................................................................................................................................13

2.4.3密度测试......................................................................................................................................13

3实验结果与讨论................................................................................................................................15

3.1原始凹凸棒土含量对不饱和聚酯拉伸强度的影响………………………………………………………..…………15

3.2改性凹凸棒土含量对不饱和聚酯拉伸强度的影响……………………………………………………….……..….16

3.3原始凹凸棒土含量都不饱和聚酯吸水率的影响……………………………………………………………..……….17

3.4改性凹凸棒土含量对不饱和聚酯吸水率的影响…………………………………………..………………………...18

3.5原始凹凸棒土含量对不饱和聚酯密度的影响..…………………………………………………………………….….19

3.6改性凹凸棒土含量对不饱和聚酯密度的影响..……………………………………………………………….……….20

结论...................................................................................................................,....................................21

致谢........................................................................................................................................................22

参考文献................................................................................................................................................23
1 前言

1.1凹凸棒土的基本介绍

凹凸棒土是一种硅酸盐粘土矿物，其颜色为白色且不透明。它的化学式为Mg5Si8O20(OH)2(OH2)4·4H2O，属于结构为2：1型的粘土矿物。之所以为链层状是因为在每个单位结构层中，四面体晶片角顶都隔一定距离方向颠倒。且又名坡缕缟石或坡缕石（Palygorskite），比重为2.05~2.32，莫氏硬度为2-3，具有强溶解度。

另外凹凸棒石矿物分布地域极广， 但具有工业意义的矿床相对世界总面积所占的比例不大，在中国、美国、法国、土耳其、西班牙、巴西、塞内加尔、南非、澳大利亚、乌克兰、以色列、英国 、阿塞拜疆、沙特阿拉伯、瑞士、俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、吉尔吉斯斯坦、哈萨克斯坦、亚美尼亚、尼泊尔等国都有分布，据不完全统计,在全世界共探明储量大约有14亿吨。